Schedule of Events
Science Showcase Poster Session
Friday, May 1, 2026
3:00 pm - 4:30 pm
Soiland Arena, Gilbert Sports & Fitness Center
Students from the Division of Natural Sciences will present their research and course-based projects in an interactive poster session. Attendees are invited to walk through the displays, ask questions, and engage directly with student researchers to learn about their discoveries, methods, and insights. This event highlights hands-on scientific inquiry across the division and offers a valuable opportunity to support and celebrate student scholarship.
Student Abstracts
California Climate Compliance Automation System
California's climate disclosure laws, Senate Bills 253 and 261, require approximately 2,600 to4,100 companies to report greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions beginning in August 2026, yet fewaccessible tools exist to guide organizations through this complex regulatory process. Thisproject addresses that gap by developing a web-based Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)application that automates GHG emissions calculations and compliance report generation inaccordance with California's requirements. The system implements the GHG Protocol CorporateStandard's dual Scope 2 reporting methodology both location-based and market-basedcalculations alongside Scope 1 direct emissions, drawing on authoritative emission factordatabases from the EPA and the California Air Resources Board (CARB). A multi-tenantarchitecture supports secure, concurrent use across organizations, while an intuitive guidedinterface enables non-technical users to complete their first compliance report within one hour.The application generates California SB 253-compliant PDF reports complete with emissionsbreakdowns, methodology documentation, and audit trails. By making rigorous, accurate climatecompliance accessible without relying on expensive proprietary platforms, this system lowersthe barrier to regulatory adherence for small and mid-sized California businesses facing animminent and consequential new legal mandate.
Student(s):
Yasmine Afkir
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Craig Reinhart
Formigo - Form Management System (Web App SaaS)
ABSTRACT
Organizations across industries continue to rely on paper-based documentation that slows operations, complicates audits, and increases security risks. Existing solutions address parts of this problem but often carry licensing costs that put them out of reach for many organizations. Formigo is a web-based form management system designed to streamline data collection while safeguarding organizational boundaries. The platform enables any manager (aka "admin") to design customizable form templates with features like drag-and-drop interfaces, supporting dynamic fields, scheduling rules, and automated reminders. Employees (aka "users") can complete, save, and submit forms from any browser, with built-in auto‑save minimizing data loss during interruptions. Security is embedded in every stage of the system architecture: server‑side validation ensures that all API requests are authenticated and restricted to their respective organizations. Completed forms proceed through a structured review workflow, creating a tamper‑evident audit trail that reinforces accountability and compliance. Formigo demonstrates how enterprise‑grade security can exist on the web with a seamless user experience at an affordable, reasonable price.
Organizations across industries continue to rely on paper-based documentation that slows operations, complicates audits, and increases security risks. Existing solutions address parts of this problem but often carry licensing costs that put them out of reach for many organizations. Formigo is a web-based form management system designed to streamline data collection while safeguarding organizational boundaries. The platform enables any manager (aka "admin") to design customizable form templates with features like drag-and-drop interfaces, supporting dynamic fields, scheduling rules, and automated reminders. Employees (aka "users") can complete, save, and submit forms from any browser, with built-in auto‑save minimizing data loss during interruptions. Security is embedded in every stage of the system architecture: server‑side validation ensures that all API requests are authenticated and restricted to their respective organizations. Completed forms proceed through a structured review workflow, creating a tamper‑evident audit trail that reinforces accountability and compliance. Formigo demonstrates how enterprise‑grade security can exist on the web with a seamless user experience at an affordable, reasonable price.
Student(s):
Sean Aguilar
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Craig Reinhart
Digital Scorecard for Golf
This project presents the design and construction of a mobile application which enhances the experience of golf by simplifying scorekeeping and game setup. The app allows users to select a course, a specific game, and track player scores through a simple interface. A future integration feature will be an image based import of a course scorecard to create minimal input from the user. The application minimizes input and customization for multiple types of games and betting formats. Constructed with a modern mobile application framework and integrated with a backend database which supports course selection and future integration to allow users to add courses to the database. The application aims to simplify golf scoring on the course while introducing a digital solution for casual and competitive players.
Student(s):
Aidan Allen
Faculty Mentor:
Dr Craig Reinhart
Simulating Cybersecurity Attacks in a Virtual Linux Environment
Cybersecurity is something most systems deal with today, so having a basic understanding of how attacks work is important. In this project, I set up a virtual lab using Kali Linux as the attacker machine and Ubuntu Server as the defender to simulate real-world cybersecurity scenarios. The goal was to show how common attacks, such as port scanning and basic intrusion attempts, actually work and how they can be recognized within a controlled environment.
The lab environment was created using Oracle VirtualBox, where both machines were connected through a private virtual network to allow direct communication. Using tools available in Kali Linux, I performed network scans and simulated different attack scenarios, then observed how the Ubuntu system responded, especially when identifying open ports, active services, and potential vulnerabilities. I also looked into different types of attacks to determine which ones were realistic and appropriate to demonstrate within the scope of this project.
After setting everything up, I ran multiple test scenarios, mainly focusing on repeated network scans and connection attempts, to evaluate system behavior and consistency in results. These tests showed that even simple configurations can expose weaknesses if a system is not properly secured. Overall, this project helped me better understand both the attacking and defending sides of cybersecurity and gave me a stronger foundation to build on.
The lab environment was created using Oracle VirtualBox, where both machines were connected through a private virtual network to allow direct communication. Using tools available in Kali Linux, I performed network scans and simulated different attack scenarios, then observed how the Ubuntu system responded, especially when identifying open ports, active services, and potential vulnerabilities. I also looked into different types of attacks to determine which ones were realistic and appropriate to demonstrate within the scope of this project.
After setting everything up, I ran multiple test scenarios, mainly focusing on repeated network scans and connection attempts, to evaluate system behavior and consistency in results. These tests showed that even simple configurations can expose weaknesses if a system is not properly secured. Overall, this project helped me better understand both the attacking and defending sides of cybersecurity and gave me a stronger foundation to build on.
Student(s):
Hilda Arellano
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Craig Reinhart
AudioMemory: A Web-Based Personal Music Timeline Visualizer
Music streaming services like Spotify track millions of user listening habits, but current tools offer limited ways to explore complete listening history beyond annual summaries. Understanding long-term musical preferences and how they evolve provides valuable insights into personal identity and cultural engagement.
The purpose of this project was to develop AudioMemory, a web-based application that transforms raw Spotify streaming data into interactive visual timelines, allowing users to explore their complete listening history and discover patterns in their music consumption habits.
The application was built using Flask (Python) for backend data processing and Chart.js for frontend visualizations. Users first request their complete listening history from Spotify, which provides exported streaming data as JSON files. Once received, users upload these files through a drag-and-drop interface. The system parses thousands of listening records, filters plays by duration, calculates aggregate statistics, and identifies temporal patterns including monthly trends, hourly listening habits, and day-of-week preferences. The data is then visualized through interactive charts displaying monthly activity timelines, top artists and tracks, and listening pattern heat maps.
Testing with a dataset of 62,753 listening records spanning 13 months demonstrated the application successfully processes large datasets in under 2 seconds. The system identified 2,466 unique artists, 30,026 valid plays totaling 1,491 hours, and revealed distinct listening patterns throughout different times of day and week. Unlike existing tools focused on annual summaries, AudioMemory provides users with a complete retrospective view of their musical journey, helping them rediscover forgotten favorites and understand how their relationship with music has changed.
The purpose of this project was to develop AudioMemory, a web-based application that transforms raw Spotify streaming data into interactive visual timelines, allowing users to explore their complete listening history and discover patterns in their music consumption habits.
The application was built using Flask (Python) for backend data processing and Chart.js for frontend visualizations. Users first request their complete listening history from Spotify, which provides exported streaming data as JSON files. Once received, users upload these files through a drag-and-drop interface. The system parses thousands of listening records, filters plays by duration, calculates aggregate statistics, and identifies temporal patterns including monthly trends, hourly listening habits, and day-of-week preferences. The data is then visualized through interactive charts displaying monthly activity timelines, top artists and tracks, and listening pattern heat maps.
Testing with a dataset of 62,753 listening records spanning 13 months demonstrated the application successfully processes large datasets in under 2 seconds. The system identified 2,466 unique artists, 30,026 valid plays totaling 1,491 hours, and revealed distinct listening patterns throughout different times of day and week. Unlike existing tools focused on annual summaries, AudioMemory provides users with a complete retrospective view of their musical journey, helping them rediscover forgotten favorites and understand how their relationship with music has changed.
Student(s):
Nicolas Barrios
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Craig Reinhart
Approach Strategies and Trunk Control in the Flag‑Pulling Action of Flag Football
This study analyzed lower extremity movement strategies and trunk control as defensive players approach the flag pull action. Nineteen female flag football players with high school varsity experience or higher volunteered for this study. Participants were instructed to pull the flag of a stationary dummy placed 3 yards away as fast as possible. Trials were conducted 45 degrees left from center, forward, and 45 degrees right from center. Motion capture (Vicon, 120 Hz) analyzed kinematics. Repeated measures ANOVA analyzed trunk angle and center of mass (CM) position across times (first movement, reach and flag pull, ɑ = 0.05). Stance and swing legs showed little directional bias, while approach direction was predominantly forward. The penultimate step was typically opposite the trial direction, whereas the final step most often aligned with the direction. Post-pull movement also generally followed the same direction, although variations occurred due to factors such as full stops. Trunk flexion angle did not change across time events. Forward trials (38.4±8.6°) had greater trunk flexion than right trials (37.2±9.4°, p<0.05). Significant interaction between time and direction was found (p=0.012) but individual differences were not determined. Trunk flexion is seen throughout the motion but participants were more upright at reach and flag pull. Center of mass height was lower at flag pull (0.76±0.1m) than reach (0.84±0.03m, p<0.01) and first movement (0.85±0.05m, p<0.01). Women’s flag football players use directionally specific foot placement strategies in a flexed trunk position to lower their CM at the flag pull.
Student(s):
James Bermudez, James Bermudez, Joli Fong, Samantha Swerdloff, Rianne Aguilar, Claudia Delacruz, & Travis Peterson, Ph.D.
Faculty Mentor:
Travis Peterson
Leg kinematics during anticipated and unanticipated backward running cutting movements in female soccer players
Soccer requires frequent change of direction under high-intensity circumstances that place athletes under increased risk of injury. Limited research has been completed on anticipated and unanticipated backward running cutting; however, research suggests that training programs should include running backward to decrease the risk of injury, increase lower limb strength, and improve change of direction performance (Uthoff et al., 2018). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of whether the change of direction in an athlete’s preferred direction was anticipated or unanticipated on preferred leg kinematics in female soccer players during a backward change of direction movement. Eight female collegiate soccer players participated in this study using eight Vicon Vantage 5 cameras (120 Hz) and Nexus 2.15 software to capture and analyze the data. Participants were directed to run backwards, cutting to the left or right when given a signal. For anticipated trials, the participant knew which direction they would go at the signal. For unanticipated trials, participants did not know which direction they were cutting and shadowed the investigator's movement. The trials were analyzed from the final touchdown of the preferred foot prior to the change of direction until the non-preferred foot first landed after the direction change. Lower extremity angles during this phase were obtained and compared between conditions (anticipated vs. unanticipated) using a dependent t-test (p < 0.05).
Student(s):
Maya Blodgett, Anna Evenson
Faculty Mentor:
Michele LeBlanc
Event Selection & Machine Learning for Detecting SUSY Events in CERN Collision Data
In the ongoing search for Supersymmetric (SUSY) particles, this project focuses on identifying potential signatures of the Supersymmetric Top Quark, or stop quark (t~), produced in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. SUSY provides a theoretical framework extending the Standard Model, offering both a path toward unifying the fundamental forces and a compelling dark matter candidate—the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). Earlier stages of this research developed a CMSSW-based analysis framework using FWLiteHistograms to process simulated CMS collision data through di-lepton decay channels—electron-electron (ee), muon-muon (μμ), and electron-muon (eμ). Preselection cuts on kinematic variables such as missing transverse energy (MET), invariant mass, and lepton isolation were optimized to separate SUSY stop signals from dominant background processes including tt¯, WZ, WW, and Drell–Yan events. Building on that foundation, the current phase transitioned the analysis to a NanoAOD-based workflow utilizing the Coffea library and Awkward Arrays in a Jupyter environment, enabling faster and more scalable event processing. New b-tagging algorithms, jet energy scale (JES) corrections, and MET resolution refinements were implemented, alongside comprehensive systematic studies. The team is now awaiting updated simulation samples to validate the refined selection criteria and to train a boosted decision tree (BDT) classifier for improved SUSY signal discrimination. This work contributes to the broader effort to uncover evidence for supersymmetry—an essential step toward unifying the fundamental forces and identifying the nature of dark matter.
Student(s):
Khusanjon Bobokhojaev
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Sebastian Carron Montero
Determining substrates of the emrAB tolC pump; developing of the influx inhibition assay
EmrAB-TolC is a multidrug efflux pump in E. coli that exports harmful compounds, including antibiotics and toxic metabolites. Deletion of the emrB gene, encoding the pump’s inner membrane transporter, leads to accumulation of TCA cycle intermediates such as succinate, malate, and α-ketoglutarate (Harmon et al., 2025). This suggests that EmrAB-TolC contributes to maintaining intracellular metabolic balance. My project investigates how succinate interacts with the EmrAB-TolC pump and its respective regulatory mechanisms to better understand its role in metabolic homeostasis. To assess this interaction, efflux inhibition assays were carried out using ethidium bromide (EtBr) as a fluorescent substitute for efflux competition. EtBr, a fluorescent molecule that binds to DNA, is actively effluxed under normal cellular conditions. In this study, EtBr is used to evaluate potential competitive inhibition of efflux with succinate. This experiment aims to quantify the competition between EtBr and succinate for the EmrAB-TolC pump. With further data, this approach may help determine whether succinate is a direct substrate of the EmrAB-TolC efflux system.
Student(s):
Ian Boyd
Faculty Mentor:
Dana E. Harmon, PhD
Machine Learning Automated Stock Trading Program
Algorithmic trading now dominates modern financial markets, yet building a personal automated trading system has historically required institutional resources and expertise beyond the reach of most individuals. This project develops a machine learning–based stock trading system capable of making autonomous buy, sell, and hold decisions across a portfolio of large-cap equities. A fifteen-year dataset of historical price and volume data is used to calculate technical indicators, including momentum oscillators, trend-following signals, and volatility measures. These serve as inputs to a supervised classification model trained to predict next-day price direction. The model’s signals are then translated into trading actions through a portfolio tracking framework that maintains a running record of holdings, cash, and net returns. Strategy performance is evaluated on five years of out-of-sample data and compared against an equal-weight buy-and-hold benchmark using risk-adjusted metrics including cumulative return, Sharpe ratio, and maximum drawdown. The final market timing strategy achieved a 357.9% cumulative return with a risk-adjusted Sharpe ratio of 1.41, outperforming the benchmark’s Sharpe of 1.21 despite the inclusion of transaction costs. These results suggest that a data-driven approach to market regime detection can generate a meaningful and measurable edge over passive market participation.
Student(s):
Jack Bradbury
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Craig Reinhart
The Role of EmrAB-TolC in Mitigating Oxidative Stress in E. coli
In this research, we investigated the role of the emrR gene in E. coli’s resistance to oxidative stress. The emrR gene represses the emrAB gene (1), which, when expressed, codes for the synthesis of the emrAB-TolC pump. EmrAB-TolC is a multidrug efflux pump (1) that extrudes toxic materials and increases the cell’s resistance to oxidative stress, and when inhibited, we expected to see a decrease in the cell’s ability to survive in oxidative stress conditions. We tested this hypothesis by examining bacterial motility in semi-solid agar, determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in both hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 0.6 μM potassium tellurite (K2TeO3) (2), and running growth curve trials in the MIC of H2O2. In all three experiments, we did not find a significant, replicable difference between the wild-type E. coli and the emrR deletion variant. This was contrary to our expectations, but provided valuable information on the potential role of efflux pumps such as EmrAB-TolC on the resistance to oxidative stress.
Student(s):
Oliver Caputo
Faculty Mentor:
Dana Harmon
Intervention to Reduce Stress in the Latino Community- Fuerza y Bienestar - Strength for the Mind and Body
Background: Globally, depression is one of the leading causes of disability-adjusted life years.
Unfortunately, Latino communities face substantial disparities in depression related illness,
including stigma toward mental illness, lack of access to culturally responsive mental health
care, and environmental factors. Resistance training exercises have been shown to reduce
depressive symptoms in several studies. Few community-based exercise interventions have been
designed specifically for Latino populations and done so using a strength training framework.
Methods: In this randomized controlled trial design, we will recruit approximately 60–128
Latino adults over the age of 18 with mild to moderate depressive symptoms to participate in
either our strength training intervention or waitlist control condition. Members of the
intervention condition will participate in our 12-week supervised strength training program
consisting of three bilingual community-based resistance training workouts each week.
Treatment dosage will focus on leveraging social support, accessibility, and culturally informed
approaches to program implementation. Our primary outcome will be depressive symptoms
measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) administered at baseline, mid-point (6
weeks), and post-intervention (12 weeks).
Anticipated Results: We anticipate observing significantly lower depressive symptoms among
individuals randomized to the strength training intervention compared to the waitlist control
group. We will examine group-by-time effects using mixed-design ANOVA and will report
effect sizes.
Discussion: The proposed study will be among the first to provide causal evidence that culturally
responsive strength training is an effective tool to reduce depression in Latino adults. If
successful, our results will provide additional evidence that exercise can be used as a behavioral
strategy to improve mental health and guide public health initiatives targeting individuals from
marginalized communities.
Unfortunately, Latino communities face substantial disparities in depression related illness,
including stigma toward mental illness, lack of access to culturally responsive mental health
care, and environmental factors. Resistance training exercises have been shown to reduce
depressive symptoms in several studies. Few community-based exercise interventions have been
designed specifically for Latino populations and done so using a strength training framework.
Methods: In this randomized controlled trial design, we will recruit approximately 60–128
Latino adults over the age of 18 with mild to moderate depressive symptoms to participate in
either our strength training intervention or waitlist control condition. Members of the
intervention condition will participate in our 12-week supervised strength training program
consisting of three bilingual community-based resistance training workouts each week.
Treatment dosage will focus on leveraging social support, accessibility, and culturally informed
approaches to program implementation. Our primary outcome will be depressive symptoms
measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) administered at baseline, mid-point (6
weeks), and post-intervention (12 weeks).
Anticipated Results: We anticipate observing significantly lower depressive symptoms among
individuals randomized to the strength training intervention compared to the waitlist control
group. We will examine group-by-time effects using mixed-design ANOVA and will report
effect sizes.
Discussion: The proposed study will be among the first to provide causal evidence that culturally
responsive strength training is an effective tool to reduce depression in Latino adults. If
successful, our results will provide additional evidence that exercise can be used as a behavioral
strategy to improve mental health and guide public health initiatives targeting individuals from
marginalized communities.
Student(s):
Vanessa Facey, Vanessa Facey, Angela Martinez Dominguez, Rory Peterson, Miguel Bolio, Louise A. Kelly
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Louise Kelly
Is Seasonal Fattening in Male Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri collinsi) Associated with Male-Male Competition?
Sexual dimorphism describes trait differences between males and females of the same species. In primates, body size dimorphism can help with male-male competition for females. Adult male squirrel monkeys (genus Saimiri) undergo a hormonally-induced “fattening” in their 8-week breeding season. Possibly, male fattening is a sexually-selected trait that allows fatter males to have higher access to mates. This field study examined whether the male fattening trait in Saimiri collinsi is linked to advantages acquired during male-male competition events. We hypothesized fatter males would gain more access to females due to their higher competitive abilities. We predicted that more robust males would participate in and win more contests. We collected behavioral data on two squirrel monkey social groups during three mating seasons (2023-2025; N=414 contact hours), in Eastern Amazonia, Brazil. Study groups averaged 46 individuals, 12 were adult males. Males were classified on a visual scale of 1 to 3 (1=smallest, 3=fattest). Focal animal samples were used to construct nearest neighbor budgets for different males. We recorded the initiator, recipient, winner of male-male contests, and copulation occurrences. Grade 3 males were responsible for 88% of the copulations (N=50). During male-male contests, females were within 3m 73% of the time (N=164 observations). Grade 3 males won 67% of competitive interactions, initiating 71%. Fatter males are more competitively dominant and gain more access to females, suggesting that the degree of fattening of male S. collinsi affects their competitive ability and mating success. Funded by NSF (Award no. BCS-2140666).
Student(s):
Bella Fuentes
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Anita Stone
A Computational Pipeline for Spherical Surface Reconstruction and Map Projection
We present a computational pipeline for reconstructing approximately spherical surfaces from multiple images and analyzing them via map projections. A Python script is developed that takes six images of an object from orthogonal views and reconstructs a textured 3D sphere by mapping image data using inverse orthographic projection. The reconstructed surface is then projected onto the plane using either stereographic (conformal) or Lambert cylindrical (equal-area) projection.
This work is motivated by imaging techniques in medical and biological contexts, where curved surfaces are commonly flattened for visualization and quantitative analysis. By framing the six-view reconstruction as a discrete atlas for the sphere, the project provides an explicit computational connection to concepts from differential geometry. The resulting pipeline serves both as an educational tool for understanding surface parameterization and projection, and as a simplified model of key steps in modern imaging workflows, while also producing visually compelling representations of spherical data.
This work is motivated by imaging techniques in medical and biological contexts, where curved surfaces are commonly flattened for visualization and quantitative analysis. By framing the six-view reconstruction as a discrete atlas for the sphere, the project provides an explicit computational connection to concepts from differential geometry. The resulting pipeline serves both as an educational tool for understanding surface parameterization and projection, and as a simplified model of key steps in modern imaging workflows, while also producing visually compelling representations of spherical data.
Student(s):
Carys Garvey
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Mike Gagliardo
The Topology of Manifolds
This project explores the structure of topological manifolds through a unique blend of formal mathematics, pedagogy, and creative visualization. I investigated core concepts in topology—such as compactness, connectedness, separation axioms, and locally-Euclidean spaces—and how they give rise to the manifold structure. Alongside rigorous proofs and theoretical study, I wrote Exploring Manifolds: A Guided Introduction through Topology and Analysis, a 50-page pedagogical resource designed to make abstract concepts accessible to students through intuitive explanations, visuals, and cross-disciplinary analogies.
In line with my passion for blending art and mathematics, I developed an interactive Python-based tool that creates digital artwork by visualizing vector fields on Seifert surfaces derived from topological knots, leveraging the fact that these surfaces are 2-manifolds. This tool not only illustrates topological concepts but also serves as an artistic expression of the beauty and structure of topology!
In line with my passion for blending art and mathematics, I developed an interactive Python-based tool that creates digital artwork by visualizing vector fields on Seifert surfaces derived from topological knots, leveraging the fact that these surfaces are 2-manifolds. This tool not only illustrates topological concepts but also serves as an artistic expression of the beauty and structure of topology!
Student(s):
Carys Garvey
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Nathan Carlson
Strength- versus power-oriented training on 1RM bench press performance
Resistance training is used to improve muscular strength and power. However, what is considered optimal loading to maximize strength adaptations is debated. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a strength and power-oriented training program on one-repetition maximum (1RM) bench press in collegiate soccer players. Fifteen collegiate soccer players from California Lutheran University participated in a 4-week training program during their spring season. Participants were divided into two groups: a strength group that performed 3 sets of 5 repetitions at 85% of 1RM, and a power group that performed 3 sets of 5 repetitions at 75% of 1RM. Both groups were instructed to perform repetitions with maximum intent to complete as many reps as possible if failure occurred before reaching 5 repetitions. Both groups were given 3 minutes of rest between sets. 1RM bench press was assessed before and after the program. It was hypothesized that the strength-oriented training protocol would result in greater improvements in maximal strength compared to the power-oriented group. These findings aim to contribute to understanding how different loading strategies influence strength development in athletic populations.
Student(s):
John Gominiak
Faculty Mentor:
Louise Kelly
Thermodynamic Characteristics of Metal Ion Binding to Model Chelating Agents by ITC
This study evaluated the thermodynamics of metal ions binding to chelating agents by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Corn cellulose was mechanically processed as a model system for a low-cost and used as a sustainable bio-adsorbent for heavy metal ions (cadmium and nickel) in solution. EDTA was used at varying concentrations, along with differences in metals and metal concentrations, used as a reference chelating agent for comparison of thermodynamic characteristics. Including binding affinity (Kd), stoichiometry of molecular interactions (n), and binding enthalpy (ΔH) changes. Initial results indicated that a 0.05 M EDTA solution demonstrated lower K d values and near 1:1 value related to n with metals, especially nickel. Moreover, high exothermic ΔH values were revealed at higher metal concentrations (up to 25 ppm), indicating that heat is released upon successful binding. Future studies will focus on testing additional metals, pH effects on EDTA complexation potential, and investigating additional metal concentration ranges.
Student(s):
Natalie Guillen
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Grady Hanrahan
Metrizability in Topological Spaces
This project studies when a topological space is metrizable, culminating in the Urysohn Metrization Theorem with focus on the roles of regularity, Hausdorffness, and second countability in determining when a topology arises from a metric. Urysohn’s Lemma provides the key step by separating disjoint closed sets with continuous functions. Using a countable family of such functions, the space is embedded into a countable product of intervals, where a metric can be defined and pulled back to the original space. Examples are included to show why each hypothesis is necessary and to illustrate the distinction between metrizable and non-metrizable spaces.
Student(s):
Riley Hulit
Faculty Mentor:
ncarlson@callutheran.edu
Intervention to Reduce Stress in the Latino Community- Fuerza y Bienestar - Strength for theMind and Body
Background: Latino communities experience disproportionately high chronic stress related tostructural inequities, language/cultural barriers, discrimination, financial strain, and lack ofaccess to mental healthcare services. Exercise may be a viable alternative or adjunct strategy toimprove mental health outcomes for Latino individuals. Exercise referral interventions havetraditionally been implemented without tailoring to Latino communities; thus, the currentrandomized controlled trial aims to determine if a culturally tailored, community-based strengthtraining intervention can reduce perceived stress among Latino adults.Mehtods: Participants will be randomly assigned to either the strength training group (n =~60–128) or waitlist control group (n = ~60–128). Inclusion criteria specify all participants mustbe Latino, 18 years or older, and experiencing mild to moderate psychological distress. Thestrength training group will participate in a 12-week strength training program consisting of threesupervised, bilingual resistance training workouts per week in a culturally responsive andaccessible environment that promotes community among participants. Participants will completethe Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) at baseline, midpoint (6 weeks), and post-intervention (12weeks).Anticipated Results: The primary hypothesis predicts that scores on perceived stress will belower for participants in the strength training group compared to participants in the waitlistcontrol group. Group (intervention vs. waitlist control) by time (baseline, midpoint, and post-intervention) will be examined using mixed-design ANOVA.Discussion: The proposed study will likely find that engagement in structured strength trainingreduces perceived stress among Latino adults and that this type of exercise referral interventionmay be one method of delivering scalable mental health care to minority populations.
Student(s):
Angela Martinez Dominguez, Vanessa Facey, Rory Peterson, Miguelangel Bolio, Louise A. Kelly
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Louise Kelly
Intervention to Reduce Stress in the Latino Community- Fuerza y Bienestar - Strength for theMind and Body
Background: Latino communities experience disproportionately high chronic stress related tostructural inequities, language/cultural barriers, discrimination, financial strain, and lack ofaccess to mental healthcare services. Exercise may be a viable alternative or adjunct strategy toimprove mental health outcomes for Latino individuals. Exercise referral interventions havetraditionally been implemented without tailoring to Latino communities; thus, the currentrandomized controlled trial aims to determine if a culturally tailored, community-based strengthtraining intervention can reduce perceived stress among Latino adults.Mehtods: Participants will be randomly assigned to either the strength training group (n =~60–128) or waitlist control group (n = ~60–128). Inclusion criteria specify all participants mustbe Latino, 18 years or older, and experiencing mild to moderate psychological distress. Thestrength training group will participate in a 12-week strength training program consisting of threesupervised, bilingual resistance training workouts per week in a culturally responsive andaccessible environment that promotes community among participants. Participants will completethe Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) at baseline, midpoint (6 weeks), and post-intervention (12weeks).Anticipated Results: The primary hypothesis predicts that scores on perceived stress will belower for participants in the strength training group compared to participants in the waitlistcontrol group. Group (intervention vs. waitlist control) by time (baseline, midpoint, and post-intervention) will be examined using mixed-design ANOVA.Discussion: The proposed study will likely find that engagement in structured strength trainingreduces perceived stress among Latino adults and that this type of exercise referral interventionmay be one method of delivering scalable mental health care to minority populations.
Student(s):
Angela Martinez Dominguez, Vanessa Facey, Rory Peterson, Miguelangel Bolio, Louise A. Kelly
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Louise Kelly
First Spin: A Mobile App for Personalized Daily Music Exploration
This project presents First Spin, a mobile application designed to improve the music discovery experience through a personalized, daily format. While modern streaming platforms provide recommendation systems, users often encounter overwhelming amounts of content or repetitive suggestions, making it difficult to engage meaningfully with new music. First Spin addresses this problem by delivering a small, curated set of songs each day, encouraging more intentional listening and reducing decision fatigue. The application incorporates user listening preferences to guide recommendations while still introducing new and diverse content. In addition, each daily selection includes contextual information about the songs and artists, allowing users to better understand and connect with the music. By combining personalization with a limited, structured approach, this project aims to create a more focused and engaging music discovery experience, while supporting future expansion and deeper integration with external music platforms. The application was created to support music discovery and encourage users to return each day to explore new music.
Student(s):
Trevor McGinnis
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Craig Reinhart
Tetris in Java Swing
This project focuses on the design and implementation of the puzzle game Tetris within the context of software engineering and game development. The goal is to recreate the core mechanics of the game while maintaining a clear and well-structured object oriented design. A systemic development process is followed, beginning with planning and system modeling using Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams to define class structure, object relationships, and system behavior. The implementation reflects essential gameplay features, such as piece movement and rotation, collision detection, line-clearing mechanics, and game state management within a fixed grid environment. In addition to the standard gameplay, multiple game modes are incorporated to extend functionality and demonstrate flexibility in design, including variations that emphasize scoring and dynamic challenges. The project highlights the importance of organization, abstraction, and event-driven design in building interactive systems. Overall, it serves as a practical application of core programming and software engineering principles in the development of a structured and interactive game.
Student(s):
Andrew Mendez
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Craig Reinhart
Valhalla: A Mythologically-Integrated Life-Sim Game
This project focuses on designing a life-sim video game that combines farming, fishing, and social interaction with characters based on different mythologies. Many life-sim games, like Stardew Valley, focus on building relationships and managing daily tasks, but what makes my game different is the infusion of multiple mythologies. The goal of this project is to give players a relaxing escape from their everyday lives while also teaching them about different mythologies and their gods. In this game, players help restore a small town while growing crops, fishing, and forming relationships with both regular townspeople and gods such as Ra, Zeus, and Odin. These gods can interact with the player in different ways, like giving small rewards, reacting to offerings, or being a larger part of the town. This project demonstrates a simple way to expand the life-sim genre by mixing everyday activities with mythological storytelling.
Student(s):
Christian Meyer
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Craig Reinhart
Cyborgan
As my Capstone project, I developed "Cyborgan", a cross-platform software synthesizer.
Cyborgan takes some inspiration from electric organs, with nine drawbars used to control the volumes of nine wavetable oscillators pitched at various multiples of the base pitch of a note played. Unlike electric organs, each of these oscillators may have their volumes further modulated by a corresponding envelope generator; in addition, a tenth envelope generator modulates the synthesizer's overall output volume. Each envelope generator incorporates six parameters, consisting of Delay, Attack, Hold, Decay, Sustain, and Release, granting fine control over how an oscillator's volume changes over time. The independence of each of the ten envelopes allows for the creation of evolving timbres atypical of both electric organs and conventional synthesizers, such as fading different oscillators in and out.
Cyborgan is cross-platform, compatible with MIDI, and usable as a standalone program or as a VST3 or AU plugin for a digital audio workstation.
Cyborgan takes some inspiration from electric organs, with nine drawbars used to control the volumes of nine wavetable oscillators pitched at various multiples of the base pitch of a note played. Unlike electric organs, each of these oscillators may have their volumes further modulated by a corresponding envelope generator; in addition, a tenth envelope generator modulates the synthesizer's overall output volume. Each envelope generator incorporates six parameters, consisting of Delay, Attack, Hold, Decay, Sustain, and Release, granting fine control over how an oscillator's volume changes over time. The independence of each of the ten envelopes allows for the creation of evolving timbres atypical of both electric organs and conventional synthesizers, such as fading different oscillators in and out.
Cyborgan is cross-platform, compatible with MIDI, and usable as a standalone program or as a VST3 or AU plugin for a digital audio workstation.
Student(s):
Adam Noland
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Craig Reinhart
Formalization and Analysis of the Face-Turning Octahedron Puzzle
This poster comprises a brief group-theoretic analysis of the Face-Turning Octahedron (or ”FTO”), a niche combination puzzle analogous to Rubik’s Cube. This analysis is done as a pure-mathematical exercise for the purpose of demonstrating competence in group theory. We establish a formal definition of the FTO group by defining a set of basic moves of the puzzle and describing their effects on the pieces of the puzzle by way of a group action. Building upon this definition, we examine several properties of the FTO, including limits on how the puzzle’s pieces may be manipulated, the group’s order, and its structural similarities to the more popular Pyraminx puzzle. These properties are found by way of both group-theoretic and combinatorial methods.
Student(s):
Adam Noland
Faculty Mentor:
Karrolyne Fogel
The Effect of Load Movement on Squat Variations
The squat is a fundamental movement used in daily activities as well as in performance and rehabilitation settings (Lynn & Noffal, 2012). In applied contexts, external loads are not always statically positioned; rather, they may be shifted or held away from the body, which can influence balance and movement mechanics. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of load position on kinematic differences between two front-loaded squat conditions: an arms-close condition and a counterbalance condition. Six participants performed two squat conditions: (1) an arms-close condition, in which a 10-lb plate was held against the sternum, and (2) an arms-extended (counterbalance) condition, in which the same load was held at 90° of shoulder flexion throughout the entire movement. Foot position, squat depth, and movement tempo were standardized across trials to minimize variability between conditions.Data were collected using an 8-camera Vicon Vantage motion capture system sampling at 120 Hz and processed using Nexus 2.15 software. Reflective markers were used to track lower extremity motion, and right hip and knee joint angles were analyzed to assess joint kinematics. A paired-samples t-test was used to compare kinematic variables between conditions, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.
Student(s):
Rory Petersen, Simone Juarez
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Michele LeBlanc
Neurolytics: A Health Informatics System for Neurological Episode Pattern Analysis
Neurolytics is a health informatics system designed to improve the documentation and analysis of neurological episodes, addressing the limitation of traditional symptom tracking methods that rely heavily on unstructured patient recall. Conventional approaches to capturing neurological events often fail to capture subtle or non-obvious events, such as focal-aware or absence seizures, reducing their value for longitudinal analysis and clinical interpretation. The purpose of this project is to develop a structured framework for consistently capturing and analyzing neurological episodes across sensory, cognitive, motor, and autonomic domains. The system transforms user-reported data into standardized representations, enabling more effective comparison and analysis over time. Pattern recognition techniques are applied to identify recurring symptom clusters and relationships between events, supporting more consistent interpretation of patient-reported data. A modular, layered architecture was implemented to separate data collection, processing, and analytical components, ensuring scalability and maintainability of the system. Preliminary results indicate that structured episode logging improves the consistency of patient-reported data and enables the detection of recurring symptom patterns that may not be evident through traditional tracking methods. These findings suggest that Neurolytics can enhance clinical interpretation and support more informed neurological assessment by providing a more reliable and analyzable representation of patient experiences.
Student(s):
Zachary Ritter
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Craig Reinhart
Streamlining Gym Operations Through QR-Based Attendance and Data Tracking
This project presents the design and implementation of a QR-code-based attendance and access control system tailored for gym environments. The system addresses the limitations of traditional manual attendance tracking by providing a more efficient and accurate method for recording member participation. Through QR code scanning or name-based search, the application enables rapid check-in while automatically associating each entry with a specific class session and timestamp. The system incorporates attendance policy enforcement based on member type, ensuring that gym rules are applied consistently without requiring manual oversight. In addition to improving operational efficiency, the application includes administrative features such as attendance summaries and reporting tools, which support data-driven decision-making related to class scheduling, staffing, and overall gym management. Designed as a browser-based solution, the system emphasizes accessibility, scalability, and ease of deployment in real-world settings. This project demonstrates how integrating simple digital technologies into existing workflows can significantly enhance accuracy, efficiency, and organizational insight within small business operations.
Student(s):
Raphael Sampaio Rosa Altomar
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Craig Reinhart
Jsynth1 (Software Synthesizer)
Jsynth1 is a software synthesizer which aims to emulate traditional analog synthesizerinstruments via digital software. Jsynth1 contains many industry standard features which requirestrict event flow and multithreaded code. These features include note triggered oscillators,envelopes, polyphony, midi control, UI, patch storage, and postprocessing effects. The mainfocus of my research is to outline how I went about organizing and connecting all of thesedynamic parts to create a cohesive instrument. The goal is to create software such that a personwith little to no knowledge of computer science or synthesis can adeptly utilize the instrument ina way that seems obvious. The user should always be in the position of making creativedecisions rather than the user being overwhelmed or confused. As for the backend, a majorchallenge is managing data flow for asynchronous events. Each note played on the keyboard isdynamically assigned a voice which triggers the assigned envelope, and the voice also needs tobe notified when a given key is released, triggering the release part of the envelope. My hope isthis research provides useful information and guidance to others who are interested in creatingdigital instruments.
Student(s):
James Sutton
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Craig Reinhart
The effect of diagonal drop cut direction and fatigue on exit strategy and ground reaction forces
Cutting movements are rapid changes in direction commonly used in sports like soccer, basketball, and volleyball. They are a fundamental part of athletic performance. However, these movements place female athletes at a significantly higher risk of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries compared to their male counterparts (Boham et al., 2013). The purpose of this study was to determine how exit strategy and corresponding ground reaction forces were affected by drop cut direction and fatigue status. Seventeen college-aged, physically active females (ages 18–23) participated in the study. Participants performed 120 drop-landing to cutting movements from a 46 cm box (60 to the right and 60 to the left), alternating directions at a rate of three landings per minute. Each trial required participants to step off of the box and land at a 45° angle (right or left) from their forward facing direction, then run as fast as possible (cut) at a 45° angle in the opposite direction. When they landed, each foot made full contact with a Kistler force plate (1000 Hz) to record the ground reaction forces. BioWare software was used to analyze three trials from early, middle, and late phases of the 120 landings to determine the effect of fatigue. Data from both legs was also considered with leg preference being obtained by the Waterloo Footedness Survey. The choice of lead leg when leaving the force plate was noted and a two-factor ANOVA was run to determine the effect of direction and fatigue status (p < 0.05).
Student(s):
Hailey Swerdloff, Sophia Muller and Carmen Bufkin
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Michele LeBlanc
Investigating the Regulatory Network of EmrR, a Transcriptional Regulator of Efflux
EmrR is a transcriptional regulator of both efflux and microcin production in Escherichia coli. EmrR binds directly to the emrRAB locus to mediate transcription of the emrA and emrB genes that encode for components of the EmrAB-TolC efflux pump. Although EmrR is known for its role in regulating the transcription of efflux genes, as well as plasmid-encoded microcin genes, the full extent of the regulatory network governed by EmrR has not been fully explored. RNA sequencing and Gene Ontology analysis was used to compare the transcriptomic profiles of both wild type and ΔemrR E. coli strains. Analysis reveals that EmrR may play a role in flagellar organization, nitrogen metabolism, and arginine-dependent acid resistance pathways, in addition to its known function of regulating efflux.
Student(s):
Elisha Tong
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Dana Harmon
GuitarIt
Many guitar applications exist today, all with different features such as tuners, metronomes,backing track libraries, and interactive video lessons with chord recognition software. All ofthese applications, however, require subscriptions to access most features. This capstoneattempts to use open-source libraries to create an all-in-one guitar application that contains manysuch features. The pitch detection library CREPE was used in the implementation of a tuner andwas also used in conjunction with Spotify’s BasicPitch library and my own model, created tomap a given audio clip to a fret on a specific string, to automatically generate tabs while the useris playing their guitar. Open-source sounds were used to create a working metronome, and thebacking track generator relies on a Google cloud model to generate loopable audio based on userselected keywords. This app, therefore, is a free alternative to the subscription based guitar appsand was designed with the everyday guitarist in mind.
Student(s):
Eric Tuesta
Faculty Mentor:
Dr. Craig Reinhart
Modeling Enzymes using Knot Theory
Topology is the study of invariant-preserving transformations of open sets, and has applications in molecular biology for modeling the structure and behavior of enzymes. Topologists Ernst and Sumners[1] previously published a theorem describing DNA recombination products of the bacterial enzyme TN3 resolvase. The theorem used the Cyclic Surgery Theorem, properties of 2-fold branched covers, and tangle theory to predict the equivalence class of the resulting DNA product and predict the structure of rarer recombination products. This project explains the important connection between biochemistry and topology and gives a detailed overview of the published theorem for a general audience. We present a centralized list of definitions supported by intuitive examples to demonstrate how topological concepts are utilized in the theorem’s proofs without requiring previous topology knowledge.
Student(s):
Sarah Wong-Moon
Faculty Mentor:
Nathan Carlson